cell biology papers | Gist.Science

Quantitative analyses of single mitochondrial structure-function heterogeneity uncovers stemness specification by redox-tuned small-mitochondrial-networks

This study introduces a quantitative "Mito-SinComp" framework to reveal how redox-tuned Small-Mitochondrial-Networks (SMNs), generated from the severing of oxidized Hyperfused-Mitochondrial-Networks (HMNs), drive stemness specification through a specific MT-ND1-KRT15 transcriptomic interaction, demonstrating their translational relevance in patient tissues.

Saini, M., Agarwala, S., Wagle, B. + 4 more2026-03-25📄 cell biology

Mitochondrial heterogeneity disrupts osteoclast differentiation and bone resorption by impairing respiratory complex I

This study reveals that mitochondrial heteroplasmy impairs osteoclast differentiation and bone resorption by disrupting respiratory complex I localization and ATP production, a defect that can be rescued by spermidine-induced autophagy, offering a potential therapeutic strategy for mitochondrial diseases.

Leng, H., jiang, j., Gassner, K. + 13 more2026-03-25📄 cell biology

Brieflow: An Integrated Computational Pipeline for High-Throughput Analysis of Optical Pooled Screening Data

The paper introduces Brieflow, an integrated computational pipeline for high-throughput analysis of optical pooled screening data, coupled with the MozzareLLM framework for LLM-driven biological interpretation, to overcome existing analytical challenges and uncover novel biological modules such as core mitochondrial sub-programs.

Di Bernardo, M., Kern, R., Dia, A. K. C. + 6 more2026-03-25📄 cell biology

Comprehensive Characterization of the Human Neural Stem Cell Line HNSC.100 as a Versatile Model for Neurobiological Research

This paper provides a comprehensive characterization of the immortalized human neural stem cell line HNSC.100, validating its expression of key markers, its ability to differentiate into major neural cell types, and its genetic manipulability, while offering extensive RNA expression data and a curated list of neural disorder-related genes to establish it as a versatile and robust model for neurobiological research.

Jeruzalska, E., Ketteler, C., Stuetzenberger, E. + 3 more2026-03-25📄 cell biology

IL-1β and TNF drive endothelial dysfunction and coagulopathy in acute COVID-19.

This study demonstrates that SARS-CoV-2 infection induces endothelial dysfunction and coagulopathy not through direct viral infection of endothelial cells, but via inflammatory signaling driven specifically by epithelial-derived TNF and IL-1β, suggesting that inhibiting these cytokine pathways could prevent vascular complications in COVID-19.

Mostafavi, H., Hill, B., Nalkurthi, C. + 10 more2026-03-25📄 cell biology

Drug repurposing high-throughput screen identifies candidate antiviral compounds against Puumala Orthohantavirus

This study conducted a drug repurposing high-throughput screen in human cell lines using live Puumala orthohantavirus, identifying and validating 70 candidate antiviral compounds that target diverse host pathways, including heat shock proteins, the mTOR pathway, and nucleotide synthesis.

Christ, W., Porebski, B., Fernandez-Captillo, O. + 1 more2026-03-25📄 cell biology

Stress Granules Buffers Inflammation by Restricting dsRNA-led Mitochondrial Fragmentation

This study reveals that stress granules protect against inflammation by sequestering double-stranded RNA released from mitochondria, thereby disrupting a self-amplifying loop of PKR-DRP1 signaling that drives mitochondrial fragmentation and chronic inflammatory disease.

Narwal, P., Swarnakar, S., K, S. + 9 more2026-03-25📄 cell biology

Tabula Sapiens reveals the non-coding RNA landscape across 22 human organs and tissues

This study expands the Tabula Sapiens resource by utilizing single-cell and single-nucleus total RNA sequencing across 22 human organs to comprehensively map the cell type-specific expression, subcellular localization, and dynamic regulation of the non-coding transcriptome.

Lee, J., Mantri, M., Murthy, K. + 5 more2026-03-25📄 cell biology

Whole genome screening defines a key role of autophagy in resistance of bovine cells to BVDV infection

By utilizing a novel bovine whole-genome knockout library, this study identifies key host resistance factors against Bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV), including ADAM17, TMEM41B, and VMP1, while highlighting the critical role of autophagy in cellular defense against the infection.

Riedel, C., Chen, H.-W., Rumenapf, T. + 5 more2026-03-25📄 cell biology

FAM122A inhibition of PP2A-B55 through a bipartite binding mechanism

This study reveals that FAM122A inhibits PP2A-B55 through a bipartite binding mechanism involving both N-terminal helices and a novel C-terminal region (residues 150–170), where phosphorylation of the conserved Ser158 residue regulates this interaction to control cell cycle progression.

Benavides-Puy, I., Vigneron, S., Kettenbach, A. + 2 more2026-03-25📄 cell biology

Spindle pole proteins confine chromosomes to ensure their expulsion during female meiosis

This study reveals that the spindle pole protein ZYG-9/ch-TOG is repurposed to form liquid-like assemblies that coat and tightly package meiotic chromosomes into polar bodies, thereby ensuring their successful expulsion and maintaining correct genome copy number in *C. elegans* oocytes.

Yaguchi, K., Chen, L., Sangcheshmeh, A. M. + 5 more2026-03-25📄 cell biology

SARS-CoV-2 PLpro Drives Epithelial Barrier Disruption Across Drosophila and Mammalian Epithelia

This study identifies the SARS-CoV-2 papain-like protease (PLpro) as a direct driver of epithelial barrier disruption across *Drosophila* and mammalian tissues by inducing a conserved, self-amplifying network of oxidative stress and signaling hyperactivation, thereby redefining PLpro as a primary architect of COVID-19 pathogenesis beyond its known role in immune evasion.

Ahmad, Q. T., Banerjee, S., Anerao, I. M. + 5 more2026-03-25📄 cell biology

Protein domain characterization reveals human MIC60 tolerates loss of helical bundle domain

This study establishes that while the human MIC60 protein is essential for mitochondrial integrity and MICOS assembly, its large predicted helical bundle domain is surprisingly dispensable for these core functions, as its deletion can restore mitochondrial structure and function nearly to wild-type levels.

Rockfield, S. M., Venkataraman, K., Wu, C.-H. + 9 more2026-03-24📄 cell biology

Time-restricted feeding exacerbates liver fibrosis by promoting BDH1-mediated ketolysis in hepatic stellate cells.

This study reveals that time-restricted feeding exacerbates liver fibrosis by elevating systemic ketone bodies, which hepatic stellate cells metabolize via BDH1-mediated ketolysis to fuel a profibrogenic metabolic state.

Lemnitzer, P., Pinzani, M., Pan, C. + 1 more2026-03-24📄 cell biology

RNF25 restrains GCN2 hyperactivation to sustain protein synthesis and cell proliferation in response to RNA damage

This study identifies the E3 ubiquitin ligase RNF25 as a critical regulator that restrains GCN2 hyperactivation to prevent excessive translation shutdown and sustain cell proliferation following RNA damage, revealing a potential therapeutic vulnerability for combining RNA-damaging chemotherapeutics with ISR inhibition.

Seidel, A. S., Nemcekova, L., Gronbaek-Thygesen, M. + 5 more2026-03-24📄 cell biology

Geometry shapes cytoplasmic Cdk1 waves that drive cortical dynamics

This study employs a reaction-diffusion model to demonstrate that the geometry of large embryonic cells and localized nuclear activation shape distinct cytoplasmic Cdk1 waves, which subsequently drive cortical contractility by regulating Rho-actin dynamics through Ect2 inhibition.

Cebrian-Lacasa, D., Leda, M., Goryachev, A. + 1 more2026-03-24📄 cell biology

Proximity labelling of the BAK macropore uncovers a new role for SLC35A4-MP in mitochondrial dynamics

This study employs TurboID proximity labeling to characterize the dynamic BAK proximal proteome during mitochondrial apoptosis, revealing that the microprotein SLC35A4-MP modulates OPA1 processing and accelerates mitochondrial fragmentation, while the MICOS complex destabilizes as the apoptotic pore forms.

Challis, M. P., Mole, S. M., Giri, S. + 7 more2026-03-24📄 cell biology

STING-STAT3-SOX18 Axis Drives EndMT and Epigenetic Reprogramming in SAVI Lung Fibrosis

This study reveals that gain-of-function STING1 mutations in SAVI patients drive pulmonary fibrosis by triggering a non-canonical cGAS-STING-STAT3 signaling axis that induces endothelial-to-mesenchymal transition through SLUG activation and epigenetic silencing of SOX18, independent of TGF-beta.

Yang, D., Chen, G., Gaurav, S. + 33 more2026-03-24📄 cell biology

Tetrahydrocannabinol exposure to postejaculatory sperm compromises sperm structure, function, the epigenome, and early embryo development

This study demonstrates that exposing post-ejaculatory sperm to physiologically relevant concentrations of THC compromises acrosome integrity, induces DNA damage, alters the sperm methylome, and significantly impairs subsequent embryo development, highlighting potential risks of cannabis use for male fertility and offspring health.

Siddique, M. S., Anand, S., de Agostini Losano, J. D. + 3 more2026-03-24📄 cell biology

Capping protein regulates the balance of assembly among diverse actin networks in C. elegans zygotes

This study demonstrates that capping protein (CP) regulates the balance of assembly between competing filopodia and mini-comet actin networks in *C. elegans* zygotes by modulating filament length through competition with the formin CYK-1 for barbed ends, thereby controlling the allocation of actin monomers and the coordination of distinct dynamic F-actin architectures.

Yde, S. E., Suarez, C., Ray, S. + 4 more2026-03-24📄 cell biology

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