361 papers
Cell biology is the study of life at its most fundamental unit: the cell. This field explores how these microscopic building blocks function, communicate, and replicate to sustain living organisms, from the simplest bacteria to complex human tissues. By understanding the machinery inside a cell, scientists unlock secrets about growth, disease, and the very nature of existence itself.
At Gist.Science, we track every new preprint uploaded to bioRxiv within this dynamic category. Our team processes each submission to provide both accessible plain-language explanations and detailed technical summaries, ensuring you can grasp complex discoveries without getting lost in dense jargon. Below are the latest papers in cell biology, offering a fresh look at the inner workings of life as they are shared with the world.
This study demonstrates that epithelial-specific knockdown of NCAPD3 in mice compromises intestinal barrier integrity and antimicrobial defense, leading to exacerbated tissue injury and inflammation under chemical or microbial stress, thereby identifying NCAPD3 as a critical regulator of mucosal host defense and a potential factor in inflammatory bowel disease susceptibility.
This study utilizes a high-biomimetic tumor organoid-CAF co-culture model on an IBAC chip to demonstrate how cancer-associated fibroblasts impede CAR-T cell efficacy through physical and chemical barriers, thereby offering a superior platform for evaluating CAR-T therapies in solid tumors compared to traditional models.
This study demonstrates that fenofibrate, but not its active metabolite fenofibric acid, alters the ultrastructure and mechanical properties of liver sinusoidal endothelial cells by reducing fenestration porosity and cytoskeletal organization without causing cytotoxicity, suggesting that endothelial dysfunction may contribute to fenofibrate-associated liver injury.
This study demonstrates that Lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD) extends the lifespan of *Caenorhabditis elegans* by engaging evolutionarily conserved nutrient-sensing pathways, inducing phenotypes similar to caloric restriction such as reduced reproduction and body size without decreasing food intake.
This study demonstrates that in U87 glioblastoma cells, exposure to extremely low-frequency pulsed electromagnetic fields triggers an early, frequency-dependent increase in reactive oxygen species (ROS) that acts as a primary mediator to modulate mitochondrial function and downstream calcium signaling, independent of IP3-mediated ER calcium release.
This study establishes a physiological assay using Xenopus egg extracts to demonstrate that lamin-B3 can assemble into filamentous meshworks on nuclear pore complex-containing membranes independently of full nuclear assembly, thereby providing a new framework to dissect the mechanisms of nuclear lamina organization.
This study demonstrates that the Parkinson's disease-associated LRRK2G2019S mutation disrupts iron homeostasis by blocking NCOA4-mediated ferritinophagy during iron overload, leading to Rab8 accumulation, oxidative stress, and ferroptotic cell death.
This study demonstrates that physiologically relevant cooling triggers a reversible, cell-autonomous decrease in global protein acetylation and a selective remodeling of the mitochondrial acetylome in white adipocytes, thereby enhancing mitochondrial function and metabolic adaptation independent of changes in acetyltransferase/deacetylase expression or acetyl-CoA availability.
This study establishes a clinically compatible workflow for expanding and differentiating adult human pancreas-derived progenitor cells, specifically CD81+/CD9+ populations isolated from non-endocrine tissue fractions, into functional islet-like organoids capable of glucose-regulated hormone secretion, offering a potential autologous source for diabetes cell replacement therapies.
This study identifies the Drosophila protein Togaram (Toga) as a critical regulator that stabilizes microtubules in the sperm neck and surrounding Sperm Microtubule Cage to maintain a straight head-tail axis during spermiogenesis, a function conserved with its mammalian ortholog TOGARAM1 and its interacting partners Cep104 and CCDC66.